CEFR ‘Can-Do’ Language Levels

The Council of Europe’s Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) describes what a learner is supposed to be able to do in reading, listening, speaking and writing at each level via a series of ‘can-do’ statements:

CEF Levels	Speaking/ Listening	Reading	Writing
C2	Can understand colloquial references, any kind of spoken language, speak effortlessly and confidently on complex issues using idiomatic expressions.	Can read with ease virtually all forms of the written language, including abstract, structurally or linguistically complex texts such as manuals, specialized articles and literary works.	Can write clear, smoothly flowing complex letters, reports or articles on any subject with good expression and accuracy.
C1	Can understand extended speech, abstract expressions, converse effectively and with a good degree of fluency and spontaneity in social and professional situations.	Can understand long and complex factual and literary texts, and non-standard correspondence.	Can write clear, well-structured text on complex subjects in a letter, an essay or a report expressing points of view at some length.
B2	Can understand many conversations, most TV news and current affairs programmes, films and maintain conversations on a variety of topics in familiar contexts.	Can read articles and reports concerned with contemporary problems, and detailed instructions or advice.	Can write clear, detailed text in an essay or report, passing on information or giving reasons in support of or against a particular point of view.
B1	Can express opinions in a limited way on familiar work and cultural matters, understand main points of many radio or TV programmes on known areas of interest.	Can understand texts that consist mainly of common everyday or job-related language, description of events, feelings and wishes in personal letters	Can write simple connected letters or notes on familiar or predictable matters and personal letters describing experiences and impressions
A2	Can understand and use simple phrases and vocabulary related to familiar areas like family information, shopping and announcements.	Can read very short, simple texts. find specific, predictable information in known areas such as advertisements, menus and timetables.	Can write short, simple notes and messages relating to matters in areas of personal information.
A1	Can understand basic words and phrases and participate in simple, factual conversations when people speak slowly and clearly.	Can understand familiar names, basic words, instructions and very simple sentences.	Can write a short, simple postcard, fill in basic forms with personal information, notes with dates, times and places.